Summary
Its community based viable model to improve water quality, sanitation and public health in rural areas through low-cost sewage systems. Together Association has improved the traditional one chamber, stand-alone septic tank that serves one household by off
Background
Egypt’s main source of freshwater is the Nile River. The river supplies 56.8 billion m³ of freshwater every year, which represents 97 % of all renewable water resources in Egypt. Average rainfall in Egypt is estimated at 18 mm or 1.8 billion m³ per year. Furthermore, Egypt has four different groundwater aquifers: the Nile Aquifer, the Nubian Sandstone Aquifer, the Moghra Aquifer and the Coastal Aquifer.
These figures give the impression that Egypt is a water rich country and for the last 15 years, the vast majority of villages in the Minya Governorate (Upper Egypt) have been gradually connected to the drinking water network, leading to a significant increase of water consumption. While this has been a generally pleasing development, the increasing supply of water unfortunately has not been coupled with the necessary installation of related sanitation systems. This is because the high costs for government-proposed sewage systems (up-front investment of roughly $450 per citizen) often turn out to be too high for the small rural communities making up a majority of the Minya Governorate. Furthermore, widespread poverty and low levels of education have often prevented the rapid adoption of appropriate technologies through local initiatives or the private sector.
Going forward, the ministry's ten year development plan of 2010 continues to aim at delivering drinking water to villages, but does not sufficiently focus on developing the corresponding sanitation systems which are required. This is highly critical, because the free discharge of wastewater in streets and canals brings about serious consequences for the communities, such as the pollution of the ground and irrigation waters, damage to the foundations of buildings, and spread of harmful insects. As a result the proliferation of diseases is fostered, the local economy is negatively impacted (fewer days worked, bad harvests due to pollution) and social tensions among the villagers are created. The low quality of life and deterioration of the environment in the majority of rural areas in Egypt has also contributed to a loss of pride and sense of belonging to one's village and has accelerated the rural exodus.
Location
Malawi district , Minia Givernorate, EgyptAttachments
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